As a city is a collective body, and, like other wholes, composed of many parts, it is evident our first inquiry must be, what a citizen is: for a city is a certain number of citizens. We see that the city is the only object which both the politician and legislator have in view in all they do: but government is a certain ordering of those who inhabit a city.
His book, Politics, identifies the characteristics of the ideal polity and the role of democratic citizenship.Įvery one who inquires into the nature of government, and what are its different forms, should make this almost his first question, What is a city? For upon this there is a dispute: for some persons say the city did this or that, while others say, not the city, but the oligarchy, or the tyranny. His work was influential in natural philosophy, ethics and political theory. \)Īristotle (384-433 BCE) Figure 3.1 Painting of Plato (left) and Aristotle (right).Īristotle is considered one of the greatest thinkers of Ancient Greece.
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